The Bones
The bones are the basic support structure in the human body. Not only do they support a tremendous amount of weight, but they also help protect various organs from shock and other damage, as well as store minerals and produce both red and white blood cells. Bones come in a staggering variety of shapes and sizes, and they are also lightweight, yet strong and tough enough to withstand the rigors of everyday mobility. There are 206 bones in the human body.
The bones in the human body serve a surprisingly long list of functions. Bones give the body a frame on which it can maintain its overall shape, plus they protect internal organs such as the heart, lungs and brain. The marrow located within long bones aids in the production of blood cells while the yellow bone marrow helps store fatty acids. Bones help regulate pH changes in blood by releasing alkaline salts and play an important role in detoxification by removing heavy metals and other foreign material from the blood. The bones facilitate movement of the body by working in concert with various skeletal muscles, tendons, ligaments and joints. Bones even play a part in hearing; there are small, delicate bones located in the middle ear that assist in the overall function of the ear.
Bone itself consists of osseous tissue, a major structural component of the bone with a honeycomb-like internal structure, as well as cartilage, marrow, nerves and blood vessels. The outer surface of the bone is covered with periosteum, a fibrous membrane that is attached to the bone itself with connective tissue that also provides a connection for muscles and tendons.
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